Stormwater Runoff Impact Evaluation

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “PCBs as an Unlikely Cause of Urban Aquatic Sediment Toxicity: Colorado Lagoon Sediment TMDL,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December 3 (2010). [29 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Issues in Monitoring Hazardous Chemicals in Stormwater Runoff/Discharges from Superfund and Other Hazardous Chemical Sites,” Journ. Remediation 20(2):115-127 Spring (2010). [7,252 kb] Expanded discussion provided in Report, listed below.

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Monitoring Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff from Superfund Sites and Other Locations,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November 19 (2009). [66 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Modelling Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater Runoff: Why Hydrologic Models Are Insufficient,” Chapter 4 IN: Modelling of Pollutants in Complex Environmental Systems, Volume I, ILM Publications, St. Albans, Hertfordshire, UK, pp.83-95 (2009). [6,074 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “An Approach for Assessing the Water Quality Significance of Chemical Contaminants in Urban Lakes,” Proc. Urban Stormwater and Combined Sewer Overflow - Impact on Receiving Water Bodies Symposium, November 26-28, 1979, Orlando, Florida, EPA 600/9-80-056, US EPA, Cincinnati, OH, pp. 32-57 (1980); updated February (2009). [521 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Regulating Water Quality Impacts of Urban and Highway Stormwater Runoff,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, July 3 (2008). [166 kb] Also published in Journal Stormwater

Goode, M., “Discussion of Proposed Amendment to the Basin Plan Amendment for the Control of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos Runoff into the Sacramento and Feather Rivers,” PowerPoint slides presented to California Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, February 19 (2008). [made available online with permission] [281 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Modeling Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater Runoff – Why Hydrologic Models Aren’t Sufficient,” CENews.com Feature Article, January 29 (2008). [131 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Modeling Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater Runoff-Associated Pollutants,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, September (2007). [115 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Lead as a Stormwater Runoff Pollutant,” Stormwater 7(6):88-91, September (2006). [108 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Development of Water Quality Criteria/Standards for Regulating Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Impacts,” Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Newsletter 9(6):1-11, June 27 (2006).

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Issues,” IN: Water Encyclopedia: Surface and Agricultural Water, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, pp 432-437 (2005). [55 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Creek and Lake Water Quality Issues as Impacted by Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, September (2004). [221kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on City of Stockton's Proposed Dissolved Oxygen, Pesticide and Pathogen Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management Plans,” Comments submitted to CVRWQCB by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, May (2004). [26kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Regulating Water Quality Impacts of Port and Harbor Stormwater Runoff,” Proc. International Symposium on Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Shipyards, Drydocks, Ports, and Harbors, New Orleans, LA, November (2003). [102kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Regulating Water Quality Impacts of Water Column and Sediment Contamination in Port and Harbor Stormwater Runoff,” PowerPoint slides presented at Intern. Conference on Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Shipyards, Drydocks and Harbors, New Orleans, LA, November (2003). [219 kb]

Lee, G.F., “Stormwater Monitoring: Appropriate Approach,” Stormwater 3:8, May/June (2002). [12 kb]

Lee, G.F., “Developing Appropriate Stormwater Runoff Management Programs,” Stormwater May/June, (2001). [116k]

Lee, G.F., “The Right BMPs?” Stormwater 1:64-72 (2000). [48 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Stormwater First Flush: A Valid Water Quality Concept?” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December (2001). [67 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Development of TMDL Goals and Wet Weather Standards for the Control of Heavy Metals in Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Proc. Water Environment Federation 73rd Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA October (2000). [79k]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Development of TMDL Goals for Control of Organophosphate Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity in Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Proc. Water Environment Federation national 73rd Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA, October (2000) [53k].

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Regulating Copper in Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Timely Topics, NorCal SETAC News 11(2):10-11, June (2000). [11k]

Cowen, W. F., and Lee, G. F., “Phosphorus Availability in Particulate Materials Transported by Urban Runoff,” Journ. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 48(3):580-591 (1976). [1,958 kb]

Cowen, W. F., Sirisinha, K., and Lee, G. F., “Nitrogen Availability in Urban Runoff,” Journ. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 48(2):339-345 (1976). [369 kb]

Kluesener, J. W., and Lee, G. F., “Nutrient Loading from a Separate Storm Sewer in Madison, Wisconsin,” Journ. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 46(5):920-936 (1974). [3,138 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on the Petitions of the Cities of Bellflower, et al., the City of Arcadia, and Western States Petroleum Association (Review of January 26, 2000 Action of the Regional Board, and Actions and Failures to Act by Both the Regional Board and its Executive Officer Pursuant to Order No. 96-054, Permit for Municipal Storm Water and Urban Run-Off Discharges within Los Angeles County),” Submitted to SWRCB, Sacramento, CA, June 6 (2000). [397k]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Assessing and Managing Water Quality Impacts of Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Presented at International Conference on Urban Drainage via Internet, May (2000). [268 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Assessing the Degree of Appropriate Treatment of Urban Stormwater Stormwater Runoff,” Adapted from Presentation at Marine Technology Society, Oceans 99 Conference Seattle, WA September (1999). [18 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Appropriate Monitoring/Evaluation of Stormwater Runoff from Superfund Sites,” Submitted for publication in the DOE “Risk Excellence Notes,” available as Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, May (2000). [8 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Evaluation Monitoring vs Chemical-Constituent Monitoring: Chemical Concentrations vs Chemical Impacts,” Keynote presentation at CA Water Environment Association Training Seminar, “Recent Advances in Receiving Water Monitoring,” Anaheim, CA, February (1999). [221 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Assessing the Degree of Appropriate Treatment of Shipyard and Drydock Wastewater Discharges and Stormwater Runoff,” Proc. Oceans '99 MTS/IEEE Conference session, “Treatment of Regulated Discharges from Shipyards and Drydocks,” WA Paper 9B1 published on CD ROM, September (1999). [85 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Unreliable Assessment of the Potential Water Quality Significance of Chemical Constituents in the Surface Soils at the LEHR National Superfund Site: Importance of Bioaccumulation,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June (1999). [35 kb]

Lee, G. F., Jones-Lee, A., and Taylor, S., “Development of Appropriate Stormwater Infiltration BMPs: Part I Potential Water Quality Impacts, Monitoring and Efficacy Evaluation,” Proc. of Ground Water Protection Council's 98 Annual Forum, Sacramento, CA, pp. 55-72, Sept (1998). [78 kb]

Taylor, S., and Lee, G. F., “Design of Infiltration BMPs,” Presented at GWPC 98 Annual Forum Conference, Sacramento, CA, September 20-23, (1998). [64 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Evaluation Monitoring as an Alternative to Conventional Water Quality Monitoring for Water Quality Characterization/Management,” Proc. NWQMC National Conference Monitoring: Critical Foundations to Protect Our Waters, July 1998, Reno, NV, US EPA, Washington, D.C., pp. 499-512 (1998). [2,068 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Stormwater Managers: Beware of Snake-Oil BMPs for Water Quality Management,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates El Macero, CA July (1998). [147 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on US EPA Proposed ‘Revisions to the Underground Injection Control Regulations for Class V Injection Wells,’ Federal Register Vol 63, No. 145 (Wednesday, July 29, 1998) Proposed Rules,” Submitted to Water Docket, US EPA, Washington, D.C., September (1998). [72 kb]

Lee, G. F. and Jones-Lee, A., “Regulating Copper in San Francisco Bay: Importance of Appropriate Use of Aquatic Chemistry and Toxicology,” Presented at Fourth International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements, Berkeley, CA, June (1997). [2,501 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos as Urban Stormwater Runoff-Associated Pollutants,” Presentation based on “Aquatic Life Toxicity in Stormwater Runoff to Upper Newport Bay, Orange County, California: Initial Results,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June (1997). [33 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Lead as a Stormwater Runoff Pollutant,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, May (1997). [40 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Proposed Soil Lead Management Criteria as Part of Caltrans Highway Construction and Maintenance,” Report of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), Sacramento, CA, June (1998). [278 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Aquatic Chemistry/Toxicology in Watershed-Based Water Quality Management Programs,” In: Proc. Watershed '96 National Conference on Watershed Management, Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA, pp. 1003-1006 (1996). [56 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Results of Survey on Water Quality Problems Caused by Urban and Highway Stormwater Runoff,” Runoff Reports 4(5):3 (1996). [107 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Assessing Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater Runoff,” Invited paper presented at the American Society of Civil Engineers North American Water & Environment Congress ‘96 held in Anaheim, CA, June 1996. Published on CD-ROM, Amer. Soc. Civil Engr., New York, 6pp. (1996). [48 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Assessing Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater Runoff,” Invited paper presented at the American Society of Civil Engineers North American Water & Environment Congress ‘96 held in Anaheim, CA, June 1996. North American Water & Environment Congress, Published on CD-ROM, Amer. Soc. Civil Engr., New York, 6pp. (1996). Presentation slides [98 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones, R. A., “Suggested Approach for Assessing Water Quality Impacts of Urban Stormwater Drainage,” IN: Symposium Proceedings on Urban Hydrology, American Water Resources Association Symposium, November 1990, AWRA Technical Publication Series TPS-91-4, AWRA, Bethesda, MD, pp. 139-151 (1991). [37 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Management: The Need for a Different Approach - PartI: The Problem,” Water/Engineering & Management 142(3):36-39 (1995). [118 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Quality Evaluation and Management - Part II: Implemention of Urban Stormwater Runoff Quality Management Regulations,” Water/Engineering & Management 142(4):38-41 (1995). [123 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Quality Evaluation and Management - Part III: Issues in Managing Urban Stormwater Runoff Quality,” Water/Engineering & Management 142(5):51-53 (1995). [106 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality and Associated Sediment Quality Issues: An Overview,” Report for American Public Works Association/State Water Resources Control Board Stormwater Quality Task Force, Sacramento, CA, March (1994). [171 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on ‘The Santa Monica Bay Restoration Plan, September 1994’ for Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, February, 1995 [43 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Santa Monica Bay Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Impact Research Needs,” Letter to H.J. Dorsey, LA Dept. Public Works, Los Angeles, CA, February (1999). [70 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Santa Monica Bay Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Impact Research Needs,” “Comments on ‘The Santa Monica Bay Restoration Plan, September, 1994’ for Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” “Comments on ‘The Santa Monica Bay Restoration Plan, April 1994,’” “Comments on ‘Proposed Authorization to Negotiate and Execute Contracts or Interagency Agreements for Assessing Loading and Biological Impacts of Nonpoint Source Contaminants in Santa Monica Bay,’ May 1994,” Enclosures with Letter to H.J. Dorsey, LA Dept. Public Works, Los Angeles, CA, February (1999). [218 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Evaluation of the Water Quality Significance of Eroded Suspended Sediment-Associated Constituents,” Land and Water 40:19-23 (1996). [91 kb]

Lee, G. F., “San Francisco Bay Copper Water Quality Issues,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, February (1993); Lee, G. F., "San Francisco Bay as a Toxic Hot Spot," Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, March 13 (1995). [247 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones, R. A., “Will EPA's Nationwide Urban Runoff Study Achieve Useful Results?” Civil Engineering 51:86-87 (1981). [1,283 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Results of Heavy Metal Analysis Conducted During 2000 in the Upper Newport Bay Orange County, CA Watershed,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (2001). [580 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on US EPA TMDL Program,” Comments submitted to the US EPA, Watershed Branch, Washington, D.C., December (2001). [90 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A, “Strategy for Managing Waterbody Excessive Fertilization (Eutrophication) to Achieve TMDL Goals,” Presented at North American Lake Management Society National Annual Meeting Reno, NV, December (1999). [129k]

Lee, G. F., “Economic Analysis of CTR Criteria/Objectives for Regulating NPDES Permitted Urban Area Stormwater Runoff,” Letter to M.J. Forster, State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, August 27 (1999). [18k]

Lee, G. F., “Development of TMDL for the Control of Aquatic Life Toxicity in Ambient Waters,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April 24 (2000). [31 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Second Public Draft of, ‘Policy for Implementation of Toxics Standards for Inland Surface Waters, Enclosed Bays, and Estuaries of California,’ Dated November 12, 1999,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December 14 (1999). [44k]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Water Quality Control TMDL Goals for Urban Stormwater Runoff OP Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, July (1999). [61k]

Lee, G. F., “Appropriate TMDL Development and Implementation,” Presentation to California Ground Water Resources Association, Sacramento Branch, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, August 18 (1999).

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., Short Course Announcement: “Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management Short-Course: An Introduction to the Technical Basis for BMP Ratcheting Down to Meet Water Quality Standards,” November (1998). [88 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Technical Deficiencies in the Interim Draft Clean Water Quality Criteria and Standards Plan - Priorities for the Future,” Submitted to J.C. Fox, Office of Water, US EPA Washington, DC, October 10 (1998). [67 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Assessment of Potential Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Standards Compliance Problems,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December (1998). [38 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on US EPA 1998 ANPRM for the Water Quality Standards Regulations,” Submitted to R. Wood, US EPA, Washington, D.C., January 3, (1999). [119 kb]

Lee, G.F., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Compliance/Cost Issues,” Letter to Dr. T. Davies, Office of Sci. & Tech., US EPA, Washington, D.C., September (1998). [124 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management: Challenge of the 2000's,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, August (1998). [749 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A, “Appropriate Application of Water Quality Standards to Regulating Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, July (1998). [869 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Selected Issues that Influence the Application of Water Quality Standards to Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Submitted to D. Brent and R. Boon, State Stormwater Quality Task Force, Sacramento, CA, Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April (1998). [895 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Comments on US EPA National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System-Proposed Regulations for Revision of the Water Pollution Control Program Addressing Storm Water Discharges; Proposed Rule, Federal Register, January 9, 1998,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April (1998). [800 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Stormwater Runoff Toxicity in Orange County, CA: A Demonstration of Evaluation Monitoring,” Presented at State of CA Stormwater Quality Task Force Meeting, Ontario, CA, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November (1997).

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A. “Development and Implementation of Evaluation Monitoring for Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Impact Assessment and Management,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June (1997). [1,641 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Policy for Implementation of Toxics Standards for Inland Surface Waters, Enclosed Bays, and Estuaries of California Dated September 11, 1987,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates El Macero, CA, December (1997). [1,249 kb]

Lee, G. F., "“Stormwater Runoff Soil Lead Water Quality and Public Health Issues,” Letter to D. Brent, State Stormwater Quality Task Force, Sacramento, CA March (1998). [379 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Proposed Policy for Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (1997). [845 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Policy on Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Policy Statement to ASCE, February (1997). [813 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Report to the Evaluation Monitoring Demonstration Project Technical Advisory Committee Devoted to Review of Upper Newport Bay-San Diego Creek Current Water Quality, Aquatic Life Toxicity Study Results and Recommendations for Future Studies,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, January (1998). [874 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Water Quality Impacts of Stormwater-Associated Contaminants: Focus on Real Problems - Condensed Version,” Proc. First International IWQA Specialized Conference on Diffuse Pollution: Sources, Prevention, Impact and Abatement, Chicago, IL, pp. 231-240, September (1993).

Stormwater Monitoring

Lee, G. F., “Comments on ‘Implementation Guidance for Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Bacteria,’” Letter to J. Wigal, US EPA Office of Science and Technology, Washington, D.C., March (2000). [81 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Evaluation Monitoring vs Chemical-Constituent Monitoring: Chemical Concentrations vs Chemical Impacts,” Keynote presentation at CA Water Environment Association Training Seminar, “Recent Advances in Receiving Water Monitoring,” Anaheim, CA, February (1999). [223 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Evaluation Monitoring for Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Impact Assessment and Management,” Presented at Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 18th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, November (1997). [219 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Quality Monitoring: Chemical Constituent vs. Water Quality,” Public Works Part 1 147(12):50-53 November (1996); Part 2 147(13):42-45, 67 December (1996). [2,271 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Summary: Evaluation Monitoring as an Alternative to Conventional Stormwater Runoff Monitoring and BMP Development,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (1996). [731 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Summary: Evaluation Monitoring as an Alternative to Conventional Stormwater Runoff Monitoring and BMP Development,” SETAC News 17(2):20-21 (1997). [89 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Evaluation Monitoring for Stormwater Runoff Monitoring and BMP Development,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, 96pp, February (1996). [1,116 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Evaluation and Management Program for Hazardous Chemical Sites: Development Issues,” IN: Superfund Risk Assessment in Soil Contamination Studies: Third Volume, ASTM STP 1338, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 84-98 (1998). [4,676 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Evaluation and Management Program for Hazardous Chemical Sites: Development Issues,” Expanded Version of paper published in Superfund Risk Assessment in Soil Contamination Studies: Third Volume, ASTM STP 1338, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 84-98 (1998) April (1997). [244 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Water Quality Monitoring of Stormwater Runoff: Chemical Constituent vs. Pollutant Monitoring,” Report to State of CA Storm Water Quality Task Force Committee on General Permit Revisions, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April (1996). [134 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Quality Monitoring: Correcting Current Deficiencies,” IN: Proc. Engineering Foundation Conference, American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY pp. 651-662 (1994).

Stormwater Runoff Regulation

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Aquatic Life Toxicity: An Update - Regulating Pesticides,” Stormwater 6(6):62-67, Forrester Press, Sept/Oct (2005). [63 kb]

Lee, G. F., “The Urban Pesticide Problem: How Do We Know the Substitutes Aren’t Worse Than the Ones They’re Replacing?” Feature Article, Stormwater 2(1):68-71, Forrester Press, January/February (2001). [57 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Evaluation and Management Program for Hazardous Chemical Sites: Development Issues,” IN: Superfund Risk Assessment in Soil Contamination Studies: Third Volume, ASTM STP 1338, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 84-98 (1998). [4,676 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Evaluation and Management Program for Hazardous Chemical Sites: Development Issues,” Expanded Version of paper published in Superfund Risk Assessment in Soil Contamination Studies: Third Volume, ASTM STP 1338, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 84-98 (1998) April (1997). [244 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Appropriate Goals for TMDL Development: Regulating Copper in Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (2000). [15k]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Extended Abstract: The Appropriateness of Using US EPA Water Quality Criteria as Goals for Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Presented at Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry 18th Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, November (1997). [126 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “The Appropriateness of Using US EPA Water Quality Criteria as Goals for Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, May (1997). [129 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Implementing Urban Stormwater Runoff Quality Management Regulations,” Water/Engineering & Management 142(4):38-41 (1995). [23k]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on State Board Approach Toward Developing the Scope of the Ocean Plan Revisions, draft, January 13, 1999,” Letter to S. Jenkins, Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, January (1999). [43 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Comments on California Ocean Plan 1998 Triennial Review ‘Staff Report: Issues for Review’ dated August 1998,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, October (1998). [126 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Water Resources Control Board's Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program Issues of Concern to State Stormwater Quality Task Force,” Letter to D. Brent and R. Boon, State Stormwater Quality Task Force, Sacramento, CA, April (1998). [1,840 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Development of TMDLs from Evaluation Monitoring Program Results,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, May (1997). [811 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Proposed Policy for Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Management,“ Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (1997). [845 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Comments on Interim Draft Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking US EPA 40CFR Part 131 (FRL-OW- ?) Water Quality Standards Regulation,” Submitted to US EPA Office of Water, Water Quality Standards and Regulation Development, Washington, D.C., 15pp, May (1996). [1,005 kb]

California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA)

Information on the California Stormwater Quality Association (formerly State Stormwater Quality Task Force)

Lee, G. F., “Ramifications of the Ninth Circuit Court Ruling on Urban Stormwater Runoff Compliance with Water Quality Standards - Need for Site Specific Studies to Develop Appropriate Water Quality Standards,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, October 29 (1999). [141k]

Lee, G. F., “Scope of Work for Evaluation of the Cost of Controlling Exceedances of Water Quality Standards in NPDES-Permitted Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff,” Draft Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, April (1999). [13k]

Lee, G. F., “Report of the Stormwater Science Work Group Activities,” Submitted to State Stormwater Quality Task Force Executive Committee, Sacramento, CA, January 3, (1999).

Lee, G. F., “Comments on US EPA 1998 ANPRM for the Water Quality Standards Regulations,” Submitted to R. Wood, US EPA, Washington, D.C., January 3 (1999). [119 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Assessment of Potential Urban Area and Highway Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Standards Compliance Problems,” Report to CA State Storm Water Quality Task Force Stormwater Science Work Group, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December (1998). [38 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Future Activities of the Stormwater Science Work Group,” E-mail to Stormwater Quality Task Force Executive Committee, January 6 (1999). [11 kb]

Lee, G. F., “State Stormwater Quality Task Force Stormwater Science Workgroup Activities: A Proposed Program,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April (1998). [785 kb]

BMP Development

Lee, G. F., Jones-Lee, A., and Taylor, S., “Development of Appropriate Stormwater Infiltration BMPs: Part I Potential Water Quality Impacts, Monitoring and Efficacy Evaluation,” Proc. of Ground Water Protection Council's 98 Annual Forum, Sacramento, CA, pp. 55-72, September (1998). [1,343 kb]

Taylor, S., and Lee, G. F., “Developing of Appropriate Stormwater Infiltration BMPs: Part II Design of Infiltration BMPs,” Proc. of Ground Water Protection Council's 98 Annual Forum, Sacramento, CA, pp. 73-80, September (1998). [2,114 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Automobile Brake Pad Copper: Is There a Real Water Quality Problem? - An Example of an Inappropriate Approach for Developing a Stormwater Runoff Source Control BMP,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, 18pp., June (1996). [183 kp]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Stormwater Runoff Management: Are Real Water Quality Problems Being Addressed by Current Structural Best Management Practices?” Part 1, Public Works 125(12):53-55, 70-72 (1994), Part 2, Public Works 126(1):54-56 (1995). [4,387 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Achieving Adequate BMP's for Stormwater Quality Management,” Proc. 1994 National Conference on Environmental Engineering, "Critical Issues in Water and Wastewater Treatment," American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY, pp. 524-531, July (1994). [3,579 kb]

Pesticide Toxicity

Lee, G. F., Discussion of Issues: Aquatic life toxicity caused by urban pesticides – issues, reports, meetings, conference & presentations IN: “Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Newsletter” 13(2). Newsletter Published by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, March 10 (2010). [594 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “OP & Pyrethroid Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity: Inadequate Regulation of Urban Use,” PowerPoint slides presented at DPR informal pesticide seminar, organized by Dr. Kean Goh, DPR Surface Water Program Manager, Sacramento, CA, March 9 (2010). [991 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “OP & Pyrethroid Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity: Inadequate Regulation of Urban Use,” Abstract of paper presented at DPR informal pesticide seminar, organized by Dr. Kean Goh, DPR Surface Water Program Manager, Sacramento, CA, March 9 (2010). [33 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A, “Comments on California Department of Pesticide Proposed Revisions of Ground Water Pesticide Contamination Prevention Regulations,” Submitted to CA Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento, CA, January 2 (2009). [18 kb]

Goode, M., “Discussion of Proposed Amendment to the Basin Plan Amendment for the Control of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos Runoff into the Sacramento and Feather Rivers,” PowerPoint slides presented to California Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, February 19 (2008). [made available online with permission] [281 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Excessive Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine Legacy Pesticides in Central Valley Fish,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, September 23 (2007). [277 kb]

Raloff, J., “A Little Less Green? Are Pyrethroid Insecticides Dangerous? Studies Challenge the Benign Image of Pyrethroid Insecticides,” Science News 169(5):74, February 4 (2006). Available from Rachel's Democracy & Health News #841, Thursday, February 9 (2006) J. Raloff [26 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Follow-up Aquatic Life Toxicity Testing,” Comments submitted to Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, Ag Waiver Program, CVRWQCB, Rancho Cordova, CA, by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, February 10 (2006). [25 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Comments on the CVRWQCB Sacramento and San Joaquin River Proposed Pesticide Basin Plan Amendment Development Approach,” Submitted to California Regional Water Quality Control Board Central Valley Region, Rancho Cordova, CA, by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, February 27 (2006). [35 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Inadequate Approach for Implementation of the SJR OP Pesticide TMDL Compliance Monitoring,” Comments submitted to William Jennings, California Sportfishing Protection Alliance by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November 8 (2005). [34 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Recommended Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity Monitoring,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November 4, 2005 [24 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Urban Stormwater Runoff Aquatic Life Toxicity: An Update - Regulating Pesticides,” Journal Stormwater 6(6):62-67, Forrester Press, Sept/Oct (2005). [63 kb]

Lee, G. F., “The Urban Pesticide Problem: How Do We Know the Substitutes Aren’t Worse Than the Ones They’re Replacing?” Feature Article, Journal Stormwater 2(1):68-71, Forrester Press, January/February (2001). [57 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on DPR Proposed Revision of Dormant Pesticide Application Requirements,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, Aug 1 (2005). [18 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Need for More Effective National Regulation of Aquatic Pesticide/Herbicide Use,” Comments on US EPA February 1, 2005, Federal Register, “Application of Pesticides to Waters of the United States in Compliance with FIFRA,” Submitted to US EPA Washington, DC, April 4 (2005). [70 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board Strategy for Control of Toxics in Stormwater Runoff,” Comments Submitted to the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, March (2004). [12 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “City of Stockton Mosher Slough and Five Mile Slough Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos Aquatic Life Toxicity Management Report,” California Water Institute Report TP 02-08 to the California State Water Resources Control Board/Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, 44 pp, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, December (2002). [1,210 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Organochlorine Pesticide, PCB and Dioxin/Furan Excessive Bioaccumulation Management Guidance,” California Water Institute Report TP 02-06 to the California Water Resources Control Board/Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board, 170 pp, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA, December (2002). [6,910 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Need for Funding to Support Studies to Define the Magnitude of the Excessive Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine ‘Legacy’ Pesticides and PCBs in Edible Fish That Can Cause Cancer in Those Who Use Delta/Central Valley Fish as Food,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April 4 (2005) [383 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Excessive Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine Legacy Pesticides & PCBs in CA Central Valley Fish,” PowerPoint Slides Made Available at US EPA National Fish Contaminant Forum, San Diego, CA, January (2004). [10,520 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “City of Stockton Urban Stormwater Runoff Aquatic Life Toxicity Studies,” Presented at NorCAL SETAC annual meeting, Santa Cruz, CA, June (2001). [329 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Need for Funding to Support Studies to Control Excessive Bioaccumulation of Organochlorine ‘Legacy’ Pesticides, PCBs and Dioxins in Edible Fish in the Central Valley of California,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, July (2003). [370 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A, “Review of the City of Stockton Urban Stormwater Runoff Aquatic Life Toxicity Studies Conducted by the CVRWQCB, DeltaKeeper and the University of California, Davis, Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory between 1994 and 2000,” Report to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board and the DeltaKeeper, submitted by G. Fred Lee & Associates El Macero, CA, November (2001). [1,638 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Development of Diazinon Dormant Spray Runoff Management Monitoring Program,” CA Storm Water Resource Plan (SRWP) OP Focus Group Discussion, September 25 (2001). [238 kb]

Lee, G. F., Taylor, S., and Jones-Lee, A., “Synopsis of the Upper Newport Bay Watershed 1999-2000 Aquatic Life Toxicity Results with Particular Reference to Assessing the Water Quality Significance of OP Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, March (2001). (377 kb)

Lee, G. F., “Diazinon Risk Mitigation,” Comments submitted to US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington D.C., March (2001). [81 kb]

Lee, G. F, and Jones-Lee, A., “Developing TMDLs for Organochlorine Pesticides and PCBs,” Presented at the American Chemical Society Environmental Chemistry Division national meeting, San Diego, CA, April (2001). [26 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Proactive Approach for Managing Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, October (2000). [22 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Pro-Active Approach for Managing Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity,” Presentation to Sacramento River Watershed Program Toxics Subcommittee, September 26 (2001). [192 kb]

Jones-Lee, A., and Lee, G. F., “Development of TMDL Goals for Control of Organophosphate Pesticide-Caused Aquatic Life Toxicity in Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Proc. Water Environment Federation 73rd Annual Conference, Anaheim, CA, WEFTEC 2000: Session 51 through Session 60, pp. 841-850, October (2000). [53k]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Sacramento/Feather River Organophosphate Pesticide Management Plan: Water Quality Targets for Diazianon, March 29, 2000 draft,“ G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April 22 (2000). [21 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Development of TMDL for Dormant Spray OP Pesticide Toxicity Control,” G. Fred Lee & Assocaites, El Macero, CA April 22 (2000). [9 kb]

Lee, G. F., “OP Pesticide TMDL Targets,” Letter to Marshall Lee, DPR, February 5 (2000). [14 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Docket Control Number OPP 34203: Comments on US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) Current Reregistration Review for the Organophosphate Pesticide, Chlorpyrifos,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December (1999). [27 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Development of TMDL for the Control of Aquatic Life Toxicity in Ambient Waters,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, April 24 (2000). [31 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Results of Aquatic Life Toxicity Studies Conducted During 1997-99 in the Upper Newport Bay Watershed,” Report to State Water Resources Control Board, Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Control Board, and Orange County Public Facilities and Resources Department to Meet the Requirements of the US EPA 205(j) Project, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, and Robert Bean William Frost Associates, Irvine, CA, October (1999). [1,265 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Results of Aquatic Toxicity Testing Conducted during 1997-2000 within the Upper Newport Bay Orange County, CA Watershed,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA (2001). [619 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Need for Toxicity Testing in Diazinon Monitoring and TMDL Development,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November (1999). [71 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Organophosphate Pesticides as Pollutants of Urban Lakes and Streams,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, Presented at North American Lake Management Society National Meeting, Reno, NV, December (1999). [105 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “The Single Chemical Probabilistic Risk Assessment Approach Is Inadequate for OP Pesticide Aquatic Life Toxicity,” Learned Discourses, SETAC News 19(6):20-21 November (1999). [17 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Inadequacies of the Single Chemical Probabilistic Risk Assessment Approach For Regulating OP Pesticide Aquatic Life Toxicity,” NorCal STEAC News, Timely Topics, pp 7-9, Summer (1999). [17 kb]

Lee, G. F., Jones-Lee, A., Taylor, S., and Neiter, D., “Summary of Aquatic Life Toxicity Studies in Upper Newport Bay Tributaries, Orange County, California during 1996/98,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, February (1999). [185 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Protocol for Event-based Monitoring of Organophosphate Pesticides in the Sacramento Valley, Winter 1999-2000 Draft August 1999,“ G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, September 16 (1999). [15 kb]

Lee, G. F., Jones-Lee, A., and Taylor, S., “Evaluation of the Water Quality Significance of OP Pesticide Toxicity in Tributaries of Upper Newport Bay, Orange County, CA,” Ninth Symposium on Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment: Recent Achievements in Environmental Fate and Transport, ASTM STP 1381 pp 35-51 (2000). [50 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Recommended Aquatic Life Toxicity Testing Program for Urban Stormwater Runoff,” Comments submitted to E. Bromley, US EPA Region IX, San Francisco, CA, February (1999). [82 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Organophosphate Pesticide Aquatic Life Toxicity as a National Water Quality Problem,” Letter to R. Perciasepe, Office of Water, US EPA, Washington, D.C., June (1998). [80 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Development of a Regulatory Approach for OP Pesticide Toxicity to Aquatic Life in Receiving Waters for Urban Stormwater Runoff,” “OP Pesticide Aquatic Life Toxicity Regulatory Issues,” “Summary of Upper Newport Bay Tributary Aquatic Life Toxicity Testing Results,” Presented at NorCal SETAC Meeting, Reno, NV, June (1998). [127 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on BPTCP OP Pesticide Aquatic Life Toxicity Issues,” Letter to J. Caffrey, State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, June (1998).

Lee, G. F., “Screening Urban Pesticide Use for Potential Water Quality Impacts,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June (1998). [72 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Urban Pesticide Regulation from the Technical and Public's Perspectives,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, March (1998). [55 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Additional Information on Cache Creek Mercury,” Letters to J. Heath CALFED Bay-Delta Program, April (1998). [86 kb]

Lee. G. F., “Development of a CALFED Management Approach for Controlling Excessive Mercury Bioaccumulation in Delta/Bay Fish,” G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, Summer (1997). [101 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Recommendations for Future Direction of the Sacramento River Watershed Water Quality Management Program,” Letter to J. Troyan, Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District, Elk Grove, CA, February (1998). [104 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Reregistration of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos,” Letter to B. Chambliss, US EPA, Washington, D.C., December (1997). [83 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Diazinon Ecological Risk Assessment,“ Letter to D. Kelly, Novartis Crop Protection, Roseville, CA (1997). [87 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Aquatic Life Toxicity for the Los Angeles County Stormwater Runoff Samples Collected on March 25, 1998,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, December (1998). [85 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Report to the Evaluation Monitoring Demonstration Project Technical Advisory Committee Devoted to Review of Upper Newport Bay-San Diego Creek Current Water Quality, Aquatic Life Toxicity Study Results and Recommendations for Future Studies,” Report G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, January (1998). [874 kb]

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos as Urban Stormwater Runoff-Associated Pollutants,” Presentation based on “Aquatic Life Toxicity in Stormwater Runoff to Upper Newport Bay, Orange County, California: Initial Results,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June (1997). [33k]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on Draft Diazinon TMDL Problem Statement for the Chollas Creek Watershed,” “Comments on the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region ‘Total Maximum Daily Load for Chollas Creek Watershed’ Draft Problem Statement Dated August 3, 1999,” Letter to K. Schwall San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego, CA, September 7 (1999) [25k].

Lee, G. F., and Jones-Lee, A., “Conclusions from Review of the City of Stockton Urban Stormwater Runoff Aquatic Life Toxicity Studies Conducted by the CVRWQCB, DeltaKeeper, City of Stockton, & UCD Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory between 1994 and 1999,” Preliminary Report to State Water Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA, submitted by G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, June 1999. Submitted to C. Foe and V. Connor, Central Valley Regional Control Board, Sacramento, CA, June (1999). [56 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Follow up to presentation to the State Stormwater Quality Task Force and Chris Crompton, Manager of Environmental Resources for the County of Orange, CA Public Facilities and Resources Department,” Submitted to D. Keehna and D.Y. Okumura, U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C., April (1999). [85 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Comments on the Notes from the UPC Regulatory Committee December 1, 1998 Meeting,” Submitted to Kelly Moran, UPC Regulatory Committee, Sacramento, CA, December 18, (1998). [23 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Regulation of Aquatic Life Toxicity as an Issue for CVRWQCB Basin Plan Review,” Letter to J. Bruns, CA RWQCB, Sacramento, CA, September (1998). [102 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Review of Pesticide Action Plan CALFED Bay-Delta Program,” Report of G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, August (1998). [814 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Update on Studies on Aquatic Life Toxicity in San Diego Creek/Upper Newport Bay,” Letter to B. Chambliss, US EPA, Washington, D.C., July (1998). [149 kb]

Lee, G. F., “Strategy to Reduce Diazinon Levels in Creeks in the San Francisco Bay Area,” Letter to J. Scanlin, Alameda County Flood Control District, Hayawrd, CA, November (1997). [17k]

Lee, G. F., and Taylor, S., “Stormwater Runoff Toxicity in Orange County, CA: A Demonstration of Evaluation Monitoring,” Presented at State of CA Stormwater Quality Task Force Meeting, Ontario, CA, G. Fred Lee & Associates, El Macero, CA, November (1997). [2,882 kb]